This seminar is at the core of your Tikvah Jewish Ideas educational experience. Students will explore foundational ideas and enduring debates that have shaped Jewish history, including the nature of God, justice, chosenness, and nationhood. Readings from the Hebrew Bible, Talmud, and medieval interpreters will be put into conversation with modern Jewish thinkers such as Joseph Soloveitchik, Jonathan Sacks, Micah Goodman, and Dara Horn. These sources will guide our inquiry into profound questions about holiness, morality, and Jewish identity. The goal is not to advocate a particular belief but to deepen awareness of the rich intellectual currents and internal conflicts that shape Jewish tradition and influence our vision for the future.